Match to ITACA's Ceramic Black Colors.

Black ceramic pigments in the finalceramic glaze colors not only by the nature of the ink itself and the influence of the basic glaze, is a product the influence of sintering temperature and sintering atmosphere. Modern glass and crystal field theory suggests that the glaze of black paint the coloring ions in general are closed, the spinel lattice oxygen ions formed various coordination state. So the pigment color balance is affected by the two aspects: oxygen ion electric fields and cationic molecular motion of the basic glaze.

Can be seen in the experiment, all the factors affecting the stability of pigment color (such as chemical composition, sintering temperature and amount of pigment is introduced into) is by adjusting the role of oxygen ions and the cation of coloring and the balance of the whole formula to new color. And from the point of view of thermodynamics and the analysis of crystal field theory, Co, Cr, Mn, Fe after calcining synthetic spinel AB2O4 type mixed crystal, various coloring ions could occupy A, B, in the low energy tetrahedron and octahedron ligand field in the crystal lattice. Relatively, Fe and Mn ions in the lattice is in unstable condition, there exists a Fe 3 +, Fe2 +, Mn 2 + 3 + Mn and dynamic balance, the electronic easy coloring ions, shifting between ligand, produced by oxidation - reduction reaction, destroy paint color balance. Black material with mixed spinel crystal structure, generally by the Fe2O3 - Cr2O3 - MnO2 - Co2O3 synthesis. Co2O3 is the indispensable component in black material, otherwise, the black material is not pure black. But Co2O3 is expensive, the black material cost is high.

In recent years, many manufacturers are racing to develop cobalt free black material in order to reduce the cost, but it seems the effect is not obvious, the black material is used for containing cobalt and black. Because the Fe2O3 content is higher in black material, when added to the glaze, some incomplete synthesis of spinel structure of Fe2O3 will enter glaze, this requires basic glaze glaze for good liquidity, high temperature and low viscosity, otherwise, make the glaze blister easily. Basic glaze of ZnO, MgO style can cause a relatively dirty black glaze color to move, therefore, request as far as possible in the basic glaze excluding ZnO, oxide of MgO style; Black material is suitable for barium calcium glaze, glaze, lead glaze and high temperature liquid feldspar glaze, more color in boron lead fritted glaze, in zircon opacified glaze is not pure black glaze. With the development of the black ceramic pigment, from the original spinel structure to develop package type black pigment, from the original solid consistency method production gradually turned to the SHS method or microwave synthesis method, from the shuttle kiln, tunnel kiln with sagger with synthetic development in direct synthesis of rotary kiln, from the use of chemical raw materials to use natural mineral and all kinds of industrial slag raw material, can be seen, with the development of science and technology and people's demand on black material, more color purity, low cost, low pollution, low energy consumption of the black ceramic pigment will be popularized and applied.- body stain Ceramic Colors ceramic tile color six star pigments.